Hong Kong: A study suggests that the make-up of the gut microbiome several months after initial infection with SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19 infection, may be associated with a person’s risk of developing a chronic covid.
Fatigue, muscle weakness and insomnia are the most commonly reported long-standing COVID symptoms.
According to researchers from the University of Hong Kong, microbiome ‘profiling’ can help identify people who are most susceptible to developing the condition.
The findings, published online in the journal Gut, showed that 81 bacterial species were associated with different categories of chronic Covid and several species were associated with more than two categories of persistent symptoms.
For example, at 6 months, persistent respiratory symptoms were strongly associated with several opportunistic ‘vulnerable’ microbes, including Streptococcus anginosus, Streptococcus vestibularis, Streptococcus gordonii and Clostridium dysporicum.
And several species known to boost immunity, including Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum, F. Prausnitzky, R. inulinivorans and Roseburia hominis, were eradicated in people with chronic covid in 6 months.
Similarly, several ‘uncivilized’ bacterial species were associated with poor performance in the 6-minute walk test among people with long covids.
“Altered composition of the gut microbiome is strongly associated with persistent symptoms in patients with COVID-19 up to 6 months after SARS-CoV-2 virus clearance,” said Professor Siew C. Ng, from the Department of Medicine and Therapeutics.
“Considering the millions of people infected during the current pandemic, our findings are a strong incentive to consider microbiota modulation for timely recovery and reducing the burden of post-acute COVID-19 syndrome,” said Siew. said.
The team tracked changes in the gut microbiome of 106 patients with varying degrees of COVID-19 severity treated at 3 different hospitals between February and August 2020, and in a comparison group of 68 people who had COVID-19. -19 was not, tracked. same period.
They did this by analyzing the participants’ stool samples.
Out of these, long covid was reported in 86 patients at three months and in 81 at six months. The most common symptoms at 6 months were fatigue (31%), poor memory (28%), hair loss (22%), anxiety (21%) and sleep disturbances (21%).
Of the 68 Covid-19 patients whose stool samples were analyzed over six months, 50 had chronic covids.
At 6 months, ‘friendly’ F. prausnitzii, and Blautia obum and ‘unfriendly’ Ruminococcus gnavus and Bacteroides vulgatus were significantly lower than those who did not have Covid-19.
On the other hand, the gut microbiome of those who did not develop covid for a long time showed only 25 changes in bacterial species upon hospitalization, and it recovered completely after 6 months.
“This is an observational study, and thus cannot establish causation,” the researchers said.
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