SCompleting our research, development, innovation and technology commercialization capabilities is accepted by all stakeholders as pre-existing For the goal of Wikit Bharat till 2047. The government has taken important steps in this direction by creating the Ansandhan National Research Foundation, which is aimed at investing from Rs 50,000 crore. 2023 to 2028 In R&D by education and research institutes. It will complement Rs 1 lakh crore Fund to encourage R&D in private sector.
An important supplement of this financial commitment is a well -structured program to attract and include Indian migrants in an active way.
India will need to focus on many emerging areas such as AI, quantum technologies, batteries, EVS, semiconductors, electronics and robotics, hydrogen and green energy, stability and environment, medical equipment, advanced materials, pharmaceuticals, and aerospace, etc.
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The migrants are well embedded in their relevant domains of expertise in the best global professional network. Tacit knowledge plays an important role in R&D, innovation and commercialization of technology. This knowledge network Are also important for Access to latest technology development. While virtual networks are assistants, Creature An first hand participant in the network can be even more beneficial. Indian diaspora returns can tap in these networks to ensure that we are equal to contemporary developments.
We are not questioning the quality of Indian talents working in India. In terms of inspiration, ideas and ability, they are correct at the top. But it is very challenging to successfully commercialize technologies and take them to the market, and we Shortage Experience in it. We Pass already saw In many domains – manufacturing mobile handsets Construction Battery for electric vehicles – that is not enough for good talent. In addition to product technologies, we Too The right capital goods and manufacturing process technologies are required that will be able to add and capture value in India without hold up From Global contestants. For this, we need to tap in those who have done it before.
window of opportunity
The current geo -political reference offers a unique opportunity to attract our migrant. It seems that many developed countries have immigration cab Due to Difficulties for Indian students, post-doxes and young professionals. Reports indicate that the US research is an disruption in the environment of funding funding and it is beginning to influence researchers in their university system. Some countries are going through internal churning, resulting in zenophobia and racial dangers He Indian diasporas are adversely affected.
This is a unique opportunity to attract our best stem talents in India and plug them. New Research, development and innovation opportunities that will be opened by great emphasis on R&D by the government.
Indian migrant state -of -the -art Stem R&D is a treasure home of corporate leadership and entrepreneurship capabilities. They are the most successful in the world. For example, in 2023, 16 of Fortune 500 companies were Indian original CEOs with joint annual revenue of $ 1 trillion. And, 72 out of 648 unicorn startups in America Co-establishment By Indian-origin entrepreneurs. moreoverAbout 22,000 faculty members are Indians in American universities Climbing,
Important role of diaspora
Indian migrants already play an important role in India’s industrial development in the last three decades.
Members of the Diaspora were some early customers and gearists who facilitated early large contracts of Indian IT Area Was gaining validity on the global stage. In the early 1990s, Diju Raha, Former vice president Nortel, not only provided outsourcing for Infosys, TCS and Wipro, but was also champions for Indian R&D. Global capacity center (GCC) for Nortel. In the last few decades, we have seen our overseas Indians returning to India and have played the role of leadership in the Indian GCC. In recent years, members of Indian migrants, Involved Enterprises capitalists and investors have promoted the growth of Indian startup ecosystem. Last but not at least, Indian migrant has become leaders of Indian innovation and commercialization in major industries such as automobiles and pharmaceuticals.
The auto industry provides strong evidence. Mahindra & Mahindra And Tata Motors is the lead player in Indian passenger vehicle today market, Especially SUV segment. These companies gave their success to two persons, who returned to India and played an important role in their development.-Pavan Kumar Goenka and V Sumantan.
Goenka joined Mahindra & Mahindra In 1993 as General Manager (R&D) after another 14 years old Terror at General Motors R&D Center in America. He went to America for his doctoral studies in mechanical engineering. Spread in a career About three Decades in Mahindra, Goenka became MD & CEO And Was assistant In the launch of Scorpio – an important milestone in Mahindra’s product development journey – and other products that Mahindra launched over time.
V Sumantan, Very, Serving In General Motors Technical Center First returnIng Join more in India and join Tata Motors In 2001, as Executive Director (Passenger Car Business and Engineering Research Center).
Sumantan led the development of the Indica platform. This was the foundation of the final success of Tata Motors in the Indian passenger car market.
There is a long history of returns in India, which have created national programs including HOMI J Bhabha, father of India’s nuclear program, and Vikram Sarabhai, father of India’s space program. Today, both these national programs compare well with the best in the world.
Experience of other countries
Other countries have also taken advantage of ‘return to home’ to increase their STEM capabilities. In 2008, China launched thousands of talent scheme (TTP) for recruitment of migrant talents from abroad and reversed the alleged brain drain to build an innovative economy. Estimates indicate that China attracted around 7,000 migrant researchers, science and technology professionals and entrepreneurs living abroad with TTP.
The scheme offers a one -time bonus of 1 million yuan to select individuals and provides adequate resources for research funding and assistance with housing costs. Young Diaspora has one of the most young thousand talent (YTT) program of TTP targeted TTP. Yttt program Involved 500,000 one -time award Yuan And start-up grant between 1-3 million yuan. These zodiac signs were usually corresponded by host institutions or local governments. YTT returns also received subsidized housing and priority while applying for other grants.
The most successful program in bringing back the migrants for national development was from Taiwan. Taiwan’s migrant, who works in the semiconductor industry in the US, advised that Taiwan should develop a semiconductor industry using emerging supplementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology. This, according to the researchers, was probably the most important knowledge transfer that created the Taiwanese semiconductor industry.
Some diaspora of Taiwan, working in the US, made a comeback to help Taiwan to get a strong potential in the semiconductor industry. They helped Electronics Research and Services Organization (ERESO) of Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI) receive semiconductor technology Radio corporation of america (RCA) in 1976.
The most influential initiative to attract Taiwan’s migrant took place when the government blamed the 25 -year -old veteran and leader in Morris Chang, Texas Instruments. America’ For Global Semiconductor Business, Head Iti. Within a few years, Chang established a semiconductor foundry, Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) with government support.
Today, TSMC is the world’s largest, most valuable and most technically advanced semiconductor foundry in the world.
Also read: Keep synergy with science and technology in other countries or India – JRD Tata
What do we need to do
We need to develop a majority system to attract some of our migrants to return.
First, we need to focus on migrants in both industry and academics. To date, we have only focused on migrants of young researchers in academics. We need to attract migrants He is also involved Senior researchers and leaders in academics.
So far, we have allowed Indian companies to attract Indian migrants independently. While many of them take positions as exits in India, some of them have returned for good.
Indian migrants must be nuded to decide to return. Institutional mechanisms can make it convenient. For example, the Ministry of External Affairs can set up a single window scheme to simplify and smooth the process to settle the Indian migrants here. Similarly, like industry bodies Indian industry association (CII) Diaspora can install a talent search office to join with potential employers.
Second, India’s major STEM higher education institutions such as IITs, NITS, IISc and bits need to install special cells for migrants of alumni interested in returning to India. These cells require closely network with Ministry of External Affairs and CII to create quick and impressive connections. Heis may also have a friend Kohrort where alumni named India can help answer questions on the soft aspects of living in India.
Third, for many of our migrant people, the inspiration to return to India and contribute is an emotional decision. Mea should raise its attention with a strong ‘Return to India’ component on stem diplomacy. As Prime Minister Narendra Modi Said in 14th administrative Indian divas In 2017, “We don’t see the color of passport, but there are blood relations”It briefly presents the feeling with which we must engage with more than 35 Million people of Indian origin living abroad and some of them attract to return.
Rishikesh t. Krishnan is the director and professor of the strategy at IIM Bangalore. N. Dayasindu is the co-founder and CEO of Ithasa Research and Digital. Views are personal.
(Edited by Aamaan Alam Khan)